See esbirro on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:sbirro<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Joan Coromines (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1980–1991), “esbirro”, in <cite>Diccionari etimològic i complementari de la llengua catalana</cite>, Barcelona: Curial Edicions Catalanes</span></span>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nItalian s-\nsubstrate?\nProto-Celtic *birros\nGaulish *birrosbor.\nLatin birrus\nItalian birro\nItalian sbirrobor.\nCatalan esbirro\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"out\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*eks\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"s-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"short\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*birros\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gaulish\", \"term\" : \"*birros\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-gau\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"birrus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"birro\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"sbirro\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Catalan\", \"term\" : \"esbirro\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ca\" }\" data-lang=\"ca\" data-title=\"esbirro\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "it",
"3": "sbirro"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian sbirro",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nItalian s-\nsubstrate?\nProto-Celtic *birros\nGaulish *birrosbor.\nLatin birrus\nItalian birro\nItalian sbirrobor.\nCatalan esbirro\nBorrowed from Italian sbirro.",
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{
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"tags": [
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]
}
],
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{
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},
"expansion": "esbirro m (plural esbirros)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "57 28 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "65 17 17",
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"parents": [],
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{
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{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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{
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"kind": "other",
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"name": "Legal occupations",
"orig": "ca:Legal occupations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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],
"id": "en-esbirro-ca-noun-sbMNDmcY",
"links": [
[
"bailiff",
"bailiff"
],
[
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"constable"
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],
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{
"word": "algutzir"
},
{
"word": "galifardeu"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 31 31",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "38 31 31",
"kind": "other",
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"name": "Legal occupations",
"orig": "ca:Legal occupations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-esbirro-ca-noun-URW-Fj0Y",
"links": [
[
"henchman",
"henchman"
],
[
"killer",
"killer"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sicari"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
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{
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"parents": [],
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}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-esbirro-ca-noun-F-GjYlIr",
"links": [
[
"ruffian",
"ruffian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) ruffian"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[əzˈbi.ru]",
"tags": [
"Central",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[əzˈbi.ro]",
"tags": [
"Balearic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ezˈbi.ro]",
"tags": [
"Northwestern",
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "esbirro"
}
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"forms": [
{
"form": "esbirros",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "espirro",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "esbirro m (plural esbirros)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sneeze"
],
"id": "en-esbirro-gl-noun-aa3haypq",
"links": [
[
"sneeze",
"sneeze"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "esbirrar"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "esbirro"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "esbirro",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
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{
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"kind": "other",
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{
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},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"word": "esbirrar"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-esbirro-gl-verb-7QV5--oo",
"links": [
[
"esbirrar",
"esbirrar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
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"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
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}
{
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"3": "it:sbirro<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José Antonio (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1984), “esbirro”, in <cite>Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico</cite> [<cite>Critical Castilian and Hispanic etymological dictionary</cite>] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 660</span></span>>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nItalian s-\nsubstrate?\nProto-Celtic *birros\nGaulish *birrosbor.\nLatin birrus\nItalian birro\nItalian sbirrobor.\nSpanish esbirro\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"out\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*eks\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"s-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"short\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*birros\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gaulish\", \"term\" : \"*birros\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-gau\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"birrus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"birro\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"sbirro\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"esbirro\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"esbirro\">\nBorrowed from Italian sbirro.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nItalian s-\nsubstrate?\nProto-Celtic *birros\nGaulish *birrosbor.\nLatin birrus\nItalian birro\nItalian sbirrobor.\nSpanish esbirro\nBorrowed from Italian sbirro.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "esbirros",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "esbirro m (plural esbirros)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"es‧bi‧rro"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"es‧bi‧rro"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
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},
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"source": "w"
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},
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"name": "Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
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{
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"henchman, hired thug"
],
"id": "en-esbirro-es-noun-UNFh0Gk6",
"links": [
[
"henchman",
"henchman"
],
[
"thug",
"thug"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/esˈbiro/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ezˈβ̞i.ro]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iro"
}
],
"word": "esbirro"
}
{
"categories": [
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with etymology trees",
"Catalan entries with etymon",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan terms borrowed from Italian",
"Catalan terms derived from Gaulish",
"Catalan terms derived from Italian",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Catalan terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Catalan terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Catalan terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Catalan terms derived from substrate languages",
"Catalan terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁éǵʰ",
"Catalan terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁éǵʰs",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
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],
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"tree": "1"
},
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"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "it",
"3": "sbirro"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian sbirro",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nItalian s-\nsubstrate?\nProto-Celtic *birros\nGaulish *birrosbor.\nLatin birrus\nItalian birro\nItalian sbirrobor.\nCatalan esbirro\nBorrowed from Italian sbirro.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "esbirros",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "esbirro m (plural esbirros)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bailiff, constable"
],
"links": [
[
"bailiff",
"bailiff"
],
[
"constable",
"constable"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "algutzir"
},
{
"word": "galifardeu"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"henchman, killer"
],
"links": [
[
"henchman",
"henchman"
],
[
"killer",
"killer"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sicari"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Catalan colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"ruffian"
],
"links": [
[
"ruffian",
"ruffian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) ruffian"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[əzˈbi.ru]",
"tags": [
"Central",
"Northern"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[əzˈbi.ro]",
"tags": [
"Balearic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ezˈbi.ro]",
"tags": [
"Northwestern",
"Valencia"
]
}
],
"word": "esbirro"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician countable nouns",
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician lemmas",
"Galician masculine nouns",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Galician nouns",
"Galician verb forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"forms": [
{
"form": "esbirros",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "espirro",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "esbirro m (plural esbirros)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "esbirrar"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"sneeze"
],
"links": [
[
"sneeze",
"sneeze"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "esbirro"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Galician verb forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "esbirro",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "esbirrar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"first-person singular present indicative of esbirrar"
],
"links": [
[
"esbirrar",
"esbirrar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "esbirro"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "it:sbirro<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José Antonio (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1984), “esbirro”, in <cite>Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico</cite> [<cite>Critical Castilian and Hispanic etymological dictionary</cite>] (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, <small>→ISBN</small>, page 660</span></span>>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nItalian s-\nsubstrate?\nProto-Celtic *birros\nGaulish *birrosbor.\nLatin birrus\nItalian birro\nItalian sbirrobor.\nSpanish esbirro\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"out\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁éǵʰs\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*eks\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ex-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"s-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"short\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"lang_name\" : \"substrate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"qfa-sub\" } ], \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*birros\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gaulish\", \"term\" : \"*birros\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-gau\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"birrus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"birro\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"sbirro\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"esbirro\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"esbirro\">\nBorrowed from Italian sbirro.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs\nProto-Italic *eks\nLatin ex\nLatin ex-\nItalian s-\nsubstrate?\nProto-Celtic *birros\nGaulish *birrosbor.\nLatin birrus\nItalian birro\nItalian sbirrobor.\nSpanish esbirro\nBorrowed from Italian sbirro.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "esbirros",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "esbirro m (plural esbirros)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"es‧bi‧rro"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"es‧bi‧rro"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Spanish/iro",
"Rhymes:Spanish/iro/3 syllables",
"Spanish 3-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"Spanish entries with etymon",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Italian",
"Spanish terms derived from Gaulish",
"Spanish terms derived from Italian",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Spanish terms derived from substrate languages",
"Spanish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁éǵʰ",
"Spanish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁éǵʰs",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"henchman, hired thug"
],
"links": [
[
"henchman",
"henchman"
],
[
"thug",
"thug"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/esˈbiro/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ezˈβ̞i.ro]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-iro"
}
],
"word": "esbirro"
}
Download raw JSONL data for esbirro meaning in All languages combined (12.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.